Monitoring Climate Change in Jordan and its Impact on Agriculture

Climate change in Jordan is investigated in this study. Daily data from 1990–2020 for the Amman area is used to monitor climate change in Jordan. The Expert Team Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) software is utilized to test the extreme indices. The study shows general warming through the summer days (SU); number of summer days; the annual count of days when (TX); daily maximum temperature > 25° C, which increased by 3 days per decade. The annual maximum of daily maximum temperature (TXx) increased by 0.66 per decade. Most temperature indices (annual minimum of daily maximum temperature (TXn), percentages of days when daily max. TX > 90 th percentiles (TX90p), percentages of days when daily MIN TN. > 90 th (TN90P), etc.) show increasing trends during the study period. The precipitation indices (R10), the number of heavy precipitation days, the annual count of days when prec ≥10 mm, show a decreasing trend, while (R20), the number of very heavy precipitation days, the annual count of days when prec ≥20 mm shows a slight increasing trend. A Maksim generator is used to detect the difference between the reference period 1990–2020 and the output of three climatic models. The study revealed that the difference between the reference period and the results of climate models was 1.5–3.5 degrees C., using RCP 8.5 scenario in the year 2050. The difference was less in Scenario 4.5 and Scenario 2.6.