The effects of applied stress, ranging from tensile to compressive, on the atmospheric pitting corrosion behavior of 304L stainless steel (SS304L) were analyzed through accelerated atmospheric laboratory exposures and microelectrochemical cell analysis. After exposing the lateral surface of a SS304L four-point bend specimen to artificial seawater at 50°C and 35% relative humidity for 50 d, pitting characteristics were determined using optical profilometry and scanning electron microscopy. The SS304L microstructure was analyzed using electron backscatter diffraction. Additionally, localized electrochemical measurements were performed on a similar, unexposed, SS304L four-point bend bar to determine the effects of applied stress on corrosion susceptibility. Under the applied loads and the environment tested, the observed pitting characteristics showed no correlation with the applied stress (from 250 MPa to −250 MPa). Pitting depth, surface area, roundness, and distribution were found to be independent of location on the sample or applied stress. The lack of correlation between pitting statistics and applied stress was more likely due to the aggressive exposure environment, with a sea salt loading of 4 g/m2 chloride. The pitting characteristics observed were instead governed by the available cathode current and salt distribution, which are a function of sea salt loading, as well as pre-existing underlying microstructure. In microelectrochemical cell experiments performed in Cl− environments comparable to the atmospheric exposure and in environments containing orders of magnitude lower Cl− concentrations, effects of the applied stress on corrosion susceptibility were only apparent in open-circuit potential in low Cl− concentration solutions. Cl− concentration governed the current density and transpassive dissolution potential.
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1 March 2022
Research Article|
January 17 2022
Evaluation of Applied Stress on Atmospheric Corrosion and Pitting Characteristics in 304L Stainless Steel
John B. Plumley;
John B. Plumley
*Materials Science and Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.
**Center for MicroEngineered Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106.
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Christopher L. Alexander;
Christopher L. Alexander
***Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620-5359.
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Xin Wu;
Xin Wu
****School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China.
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Scott Gordon;
Scott Gordon
*****Center for Welding, Joining, & Coatings Research, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401.
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Zhenzhen Yu;
Zhenzhen Yu
*****Center for Welding, Joining, & Coatings Research, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401.
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Nicholas Kemp;
Nicholas Kemp
*Materials Science and Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.
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Fernando H. Garzon;
Fernando H. Garzon
*Materials Science and Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.
**Center for MicroEngineered Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106.
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Eric J. Schindelholz;
Eric J. Schindelholz
******Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210.
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Rebecca F. Schaller
Rebecca F. Schaller
‡
*Materials Science and Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.
‡Corresponding author. E-mail: rschall@sandia.gov.
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CORROSION (2022) 78 (3): 266–279.
Citation
John B. Plumley, Christopher L. Alexander, Xin Wu, Scott Gordon, Zhenzhen Yu, Nicholas Kemp, Fernando H. Garzon, Eric J. Schindelholz, Rebecca F. Schaller; Evaluation of Applied Stress on Atmospheric Corrosion and Pitting Characteristics in 304L Stainless Steel. CORROSION 1 March 2022; 78 (3): 266–279. doi: https://doi.org/10.5006/3975
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