Additively manufactured (AM) 316L stainless steel (SS) manufactured by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) and wrought 316L SS were subjected to sensitization heat treatments at 700°C up to 100 h. Using two evaluation methods, double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) and ditching tests, degree of sensitization (DOS) and intergranular corrosion (IGC) susceptibility was evaluated. It was found that the wrought samples showed slightly lower IGC susceptibility compared to their AM counterpart. DOS and IGC attacks increased with sensitization time for all samples. Dislocation cellular structures were found to have little to no impact on DOS and IGC for the AM samples. Sensitized at 100 h, the AM sample showed significant Cr depletion along high-angle grain boundaries (12.35 wt% on average) and exhibited Cr carbide precipitation. Mo-rich particles along grain boundaries were also observed. The DL-EPR test attacks the surface oxide film and grain boundaries while the ditching test attacks the melt pool boundaries and grain boundaries (IGC and pitting). Changes to the DL-EPR and ditching standards for AM application have been proposed in this work.
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1 February 2023
Research Article|
January 10 2023
Sensitization of 316L Stainless Steel made by Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing
John Snitzer;
John Snitzer
*School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906.
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Xiaoyuan Lou
Xiaoyuan Lou
‡
*School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906.
‡Corresponding author. E-mail: lou49@purdue.edu.
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CORROSION (2023) 79 (2): 240–251.
Citation
John Snitzer, Xiaoyuan Lou; Sensitization of 316L Stainless Steel made by Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing. CORROSION 1 February 2023; 79 (2): 240–251. doi: https://doi.org/10.5006/4241
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