To evaluate the clinical toxicity and activity of orally administered artemisinin in dogs with spontaneous tumors, 24 client-owned dogs were randomly divided into two groups and received either low-continuous dose (3 mg/kg q 24 hr) or high-dose intermittent (three doses of 45 mg/kg q 6 hr repeated q 1 wk) of artemisinin per os. Treatment was continued for 21 days. Dogs were evaluated weekly for clinical effect and at the end of the treatment for hematologic and biochemical adverse events. Whole blood concentrations of artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin were measured by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry after the first dose of artemisinin in three dogs in each group. Blood concentrations of artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin were <0.1 μM at all time points, and there was no difference in blood concentration between the two dosing groups. The most frequent adverse event was anorexia, which was observed in 11% of the low-dose group and 29% of the high-dose group. Oral artemisinin, both in low-dose continuous and high-dose intermittent, is well tolerated in dogs but results in low bioavailability. Parenteral administration should be considered for future studies.
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November/December 2014
Original Studies|
November 01 2014
Comparison of High-Dose Intermittent and Low-Dose Continuous Oral Artemisinin in Dogs With Naturally Occurring Tumors
Kenji Hosoya, DVM, MS, DACVR, DACVIM;
Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Biosciences (K.H., C.C., C.L., W.K.) and Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.P., J.D.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
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C. Guillermo Couto, DVM, DACVIM;
C. Guillermo Couto, DVM, DACVIM
Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Biosciences (K.H., C.C., C.L., W.K.) and Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.P., J.D.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
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Cheryl A. London, DVM, PhD, DACVIM;
Cheryl A. London, DVM, PhD, DACVIM
Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Biosciences (K.H., C.C., C.L., W.K.) and Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.P., J.D.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
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William C. Kisseberth, DVM, PhD, DACVIM;
William C. Kisseberth, DVM, PhD, DACVIM
Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Biosciences (K.H., C.C., C.L., W.K.) and Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.P., J.D.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
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Mitchell A. Phelps, MLHR, PhD;
Mitchell A. Phelps, MLHR, PhD
Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Biosciences (K.H., C.C., C.L., W.K.) and Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.P., J.D.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
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James T. Dalton, PhD
James T. Dalton, PhD
Departments of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Biosciences (K.H., C.C., C.L., W.K.) and Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy (M.P., J.D.), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
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J Am Anim Hosp Assoc (2014) 50 (6): 390–395.
Citation
Kenji Hosoya, C. Guillermo Couto, Cheryl A. London, William C. Kisseberth, Mitchell A. Phelps, James T. Dalton; Comparison of High-Dose Intermittent and Low-Dose Continuous Oral Artemisinin in Dogs With Naturally Occurring Tumors. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1 November 2014; 50 (6): 390–395. doi: https://doi.org/10.5326/JAAHA-MS-6145
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