Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the association between dental caries, molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) and obesity in relationship with different vitamin D levels in children. Study design: This retrospective case-controlled study enrolled 455 children aged 6–18 years, who attended to both pediatric endocrinology and pediatric dentistry clinics at the Aydin Adnan Menderes University Hospital, Turkey. Vitamin D status was measured with serum (25(OH)D) concentrations. Body mass index (BMI) were used to determine adiposity. Caries status was assessed using the decayed-missing-filled teeth (dft) and (DMFT) index for primary and permanent dentitions using WHO standard methodology. MIH were diagnosed according to the EAPD criteria. Results: DMFT did not show any significant difference between obese and normal weight children in both age groups. However, in 6–11 age group, obese children had lower dft and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Median caries index values and MIH prevelance among the obese and normal weight children found similar with deficient, insufficient and sufficient levels of serum 25(OH) D in both age groups. Conclusion: Our analyses provide no evidence to suggest that obese children are at increased risk for dental caries. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations would not seem to have a significant effect on dental caries and MIH in children.

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