The U.S. Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) tests for Salmonella in meat, poultry, and egg products through three regulatory testing programs: the Pathogen Reduction–Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (PR-HACCP) program, the ready-to-eat program for meat and poultry products, and the pasteurized egg products program. From 1998 through 2003, 293,938 samples collected for these testing programs were analyzed for the presence of Salmonella enterica serotypes. Of these samples, 12,699 (4.3%) were positive for Salmonella, and 167 (1.3%) of the positive samples (0.06% of all samples) contained Salmonella Enteritidis. The highest incidence of Salmonella Enteritidis was observed in ground chicken PR-HACCP samples (8 of 1,722 samples, 0.46%), and the lowest was found in steer-heifer PR-HACCP samples (0 of 12,835 samples). Salmonella Enteritidis isolates were characterized by phage type, pulsed-field gel electrophoretic pattern, and antimicrobial susceptibility. Phage typing of 94 Salmonella Enteritidis isolates identified PT13 (39 isolates) and PT8 (36 isolates) as the most common types. One isolate from a ready-to-eat ham product was characterized as PT4. Electrophoretic analysis of 148 Salmonella Enteritidis isolates indicated genetic diversity among the isolates, with 28 unique XbaI electrophoretic patterns identified. Of these 148 isolates, 136 (92%) were susceptible to each of 16 antimicrobials tested. Two isolates were resistant to ampicillin alone, and 10 isolates were resistant to two or more antimicrobials. Isolation of Salmonella Enteritidis from FSIS-regulated products emphasizes the need for continued consumer education on proper food handling and cooking practices and continued work to decrease the prevalence of Salmonella in meat, poultry, and pasteurized egg products.
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Research Article|
March 01 2007
Salmonella Enteritidis in Meat, Poultry, and Pasteurized Egg Products Regulated by the U.S. Food Safety and Inspection Service, 1998 through 2003
PATRICIA L. WHITE;
PATRICIA L. WHITE
1Human Health Sciences Division, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250-3700
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ALECIA L. NAUGLE;
ALECIA L. NAUGLE
2Microbiology Division, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250-3700
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CHARLENE R. JACKSON;
CHARLENE R. JACKSON
3Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, Georgia 30605
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PAULA J. FEDORKA-CRAY;
PAULA J. FEDORKA-CRAY
3Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Athens, Georgia 30605
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BONNIE E. ROSE;
BONNIE E. ROSE
2Microbiology Division, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250-3700
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KATRINE M. PRITCHARD;
KATRINE M. PRITCHARD
4Management Support Staff, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250-3700
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PRISCILLA LEVINE;
PRISCILLA LEVINE
2Microbiology Division, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250-3700
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PARMESH K. SAINI;
PARMESH K. SAINI
2Microbiology Division, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250-3700
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CARL M. SCHROEDER;
CARL M. SCHROEDER
5Risk Assessment Division, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250-3700
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MOSHE S. DREYFUSS;
MOSHE S. DREYFUSS
*
2Microbiology Division, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250-3700
*Author for correspondence. Tel: 202-690-6369; Fax: 202-690-6364; E-mail: moshe.dreyfuss@fsis.usda.gov.
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REGINA TAN;
REGINA TAN
1Human Health Sciences Division, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250-3700
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KRISTIN G. HOLT;
KRISTIN G. HOLT
6Human Health Sciences Division, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Atlanta, Georgia 30333
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JANE HARMAN;
JANE HARMAN
7Division of Prevention and Population Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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STEPHANIE BUCHANAN
STEPHANIE BUCHANAN
2Microbiology Division, Office of Public Health Science, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250-3700
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J Food Prot (2007) 70 (3): 582–591.
Article history
Received:
August 25 2006
Accepted:
October 11 2006
Citation
PATRICIA L. WHITE, ALECIA L. NAUGLE, CHARLENE R. JACKSON, PAULA J. FEDORKA-CRAY, BONNIE E. ROSE, KATRINE M. PRITCHARD, PRISCILLA LEVINE, PARMESH K. SAINI, CARL M. SCHROEDER, MOSHE S. DREYFUSS, REGINA TAN, KRISTIN G. HOLT, JANE HARMAN, STEPHANIE BUCHANAN; Salmonella Enteritidis in Meat, Poultry, and Pasteurized Egg Products Regulated by the U.S. Food Safety and Inspection Service, 1998 through 2003. J Food Prot 1 March 2007; 70 (3): 582–591. doi: https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-70.3.582
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