In terms of a novel scaffold with well good osteoinductive and osteoconductive capacity, melatonin (Mel) possesses positive effects on chemical linkage in scaffold structures, which may allow osteogenic differentiation. The aim of this study is to fabricate Mel-loaded chitosan (CS) microparticles (MPs) as a novel bone substitute through generating a Mel sustained release system from Mel-loaded CS MPs and evaluating its effect on the osteogenic capacity of MC3T3-E1 in vitro. The physical-chemical characteristics of the prepared CS MPs were examined by both Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The released profile and kinetics of Mel from MPs were quantified, and the bioactivity of the released Mel on preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was characterized in vitro. An in vitro drug release assay has shown high encapsulation efficiency and sustained release of Mel over the investigation period. In an osteogenesis assay, Mel-loaded CS MPs have significantly enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) mRNA expression and ALP activity compared with the control group. Meanwhile, the osteoblast-specific differentiation genes, including runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), bone morphogentic protein-2 (Bmp2), collagen I (Col I), and osteocalcin (Ocn), were also significantly upregulated. Furthermore, quantificational alizarin red–based assay demonstrated that Mel-loaded CS MPs notably enhanced the calcium deposit of MC3T3-E1 compared with controls. In essence, Mel-loaded CS MPs can control the release of Mel for a period of time to accelerate osteogenic differentiation of preosteoblast cells in vitro.
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December 2020
Research Article|
August 24 2020
Synthesis and Characterization of Melatonin-Loaded Chitosan Microparticles Promote Differentiation and Mineralization in Preosteoblastic Cells
Ren-Yeong Huang, DDS, PhD
;
Ren-Yeong Huang, DDS, PhD
1School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Po-Yan Hsiao, MS
;
Po-Yan Hsiao, MS
2Graduate of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Lian-Ping Mau, DDS, MS
;
Lian-Ping Mau, DDS, MS
3Department of Periodontics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
4Department of Health and Nutrition, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Tainan, Taiwan.
5Department of Senior Services, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Yi-Wen Cathy Tsai, DDS
;
Yi-Wen Cathy Tsai, DDS
*
1School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
* Corresponding author, e-mail: ychuang@email.ntou.edu.tw
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David L. Cochran, DDS, MS, PhD
;
David L. Cochran, DDS, MS, PhD
6Department of Periodontics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Tex.
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Pei-Wei Weng, MD, PhD
;
Pei-Wei Weng, MD, PhD
7Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
8Department of Orthopaedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Wan-Chien Cheng, DDS, PhD
;
Wan-Chien Cheng, DDS, PhD
1School of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chi-Hsiang Chung, PhD
;
Chi-Hsiang Chung, PhD
9School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Yi-Cheng Huang, PhD
Yi-Cheng Huang, PhD
*
10Department of Food Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.
* Corresponding author, e-mail: ychuang@email.ntou.edu.tw
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J Oral Implantol (2020) 46 (6): 562–570.
Citation
Ren-Yeong Huang, Po-Yan Hsiao, Lian-Ping Mau, Yi-Wen Cathy Tsai, David L. Cochran, Pei-Wei Weng, Wan-Chien Cheng, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Yi-Cheng Huang; Synthesis and Characterization of Melatonin-Loaded Chitosan Microparticles Promote Differentiation and Mineralization in Preosteoblastic Cells. J Oral Implantol 1 December 2020; 46 (6): 562–570. doi: https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-19-00208
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