In evidence-based literature, a published paper is assigned a type, which may be a prospective study, a randomized clinical trial, or a systematic review with meta-analysis. The latter is regarded as having the highest level of evidence, known as level 1a.1,2 Here, the results identified in multiple randomized controlled trials related to a subject are integrated, synthesized, and summarized with statistical methods. Various strategies are used to reduce bias and random errors.2,3 In this way, clinicians keep current and provide evidence for policy makers to judge the risk, benefits, and harm of health-related interventions. These steps then act as a starting point for developing clinical practice guidelines.2
Different strategies have been suggested for executing a successful systematic review; PRISMA, COSI, and PICO are but a few. The PRISMA method is the most comprehensive and was updated in 2020.4 It includes a very...
