This study aimed to evaluate temperature changes in titanium and ceramic implants after using a 445-nm diode laser under different in vitro conditions. Titanium (Ti) and ceramic (Zr) dental implants were placed into a bone analog, and an intrabony defect was created at each implant. A 445-nm diode laser was used to irradiate the defects for 30 seconds, noncontact, at 2 W in continuous wave (c.w.) and pulsed mode. The experiment was done at room temperature (21.0 ± 1°C) and in a water bath (37.0 ± 1°C). Two thermocouple probes were used to record real-time temperature changes (°C) at the coronal part of the implant (Tc) and the apex (Ta). The temperature was recorded at time 0 (To) and after 30 seconds of irradiation (Tf). The average temperature change was calculated, and a descriptive analysis was conducted (P < .05). The Ti implant resulted in the highest ΔT values coronally (29.6°C) and apically (6.7°C) using continuous wave at 21°C. The Zr implant increased to 26.4°C coronally and 5.2°C apically. In the water bath, the coronal portion of the Ti and Zr implants rose to 14.2°C and 14.01°C, respectively, using continuous waves. The ΔT values for Ti were 11.9°C coronally and 1.7°C apically when placed in a water bath using pulsed mode. The lowest ΔT occurred on the Zr implant with ΔTc and ΔTa of 4.8°C and 0.78°C, respectively. Under in vitro conditions, the 445-nm diode laser in pulsed mode seems to be safe for use on ceramic implants and should be used with caution on titanium implants.
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August 2023
CLINICAL DENTAL IMPLANT SCIENCE RESEARCH|
September 14 2023
Thermal Effects of 445-nm Diode Laser Irradiation on Titanium and Ceramic Implants
Loredana Calce, DDS;
Loredana Calce, DDS
1Department of Periodontology, Laboratory for Periodontal-, Implant-, and Phototherapy, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.
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Maryam Hafeez, BS;
Maryam Hafeez, BS
1Department of Periodontology, Laboratory for Periodontal-, Implant-, and Phototherapy, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.
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Wei Hou, PhD;
Wei Hou, PhD
2Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York.
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Georgios E. Romanos, DDS, PhD
Georgios E. Romanos, DDS, PhD
*
1Department of Periodontology, Laboratory for Periodontal-, Implant-, and Phototherapy, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.
* Corresponding author, e-mail: georgios.romanos@stonybrookmedicine.edu
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J Oral Implantol (2023) 49 (4): 401–406.
Citation
Loredana Calce, Maryam Hafeez, Wei Hou, Georgios E. Romanos; Thermal Effects of 445-nm Diode Laser Irradiation on Titanium and Ceramic Implants. J Oral Implantol 1 August 2023; 49 (4): 401–406. doi: https://doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-D-22-00234
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