The study objective was to assess the risk of transplacental transmission of Sarcocystis neurona and Neospora hughesi in foals from 4 California farms during 3 foaling seasons. Serum of presuckle foals and serum and colostrum of periparturient mares were tested using indirect fluorescent antibody tests for S. neurona and N. hughesi. Serum antibody titers were ≤10 in 366 presuckle foals tested. There was no serologic or histologic evidence of either parasite in aborted fetuses or placentas examined. Positivity for S. neurona and N. hughesi in mares increased with age. Mares ≤9 yr that originated from Kentucky were 3.8 and 1.4 times more likely to be positive for S. neurona and N. hughesi, respectively, than mares from California. The strength of association between positivity to either parasite and state of birth decreased as age increased. Mares positive for S. neurona and N. hughesi were 2.2 and 1.7 times more likely, respectively, to have a previous abortion than negative mares, adjusted for age and state of birth. The annual mortality rate for mares was 4%. The annual incidence rate of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis was 0.2%. In conclusion, there was no detectable risk of transplacental transmission of S. neurona and N. hughesi. Prevalence of antibodies against both parasites in mares increased with age.
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December 2004
LIFE CYCLES-SURVEY|
December 01 2004
RISK OF TRANSPLACENTAL TRANSMISSION OF SARCOCYSTIS NEURONA AND NEOSPORA HUGHESI IN CALIFORNIA HORSES
Paulo C. Duarte;
Paulo C. Duarte
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616. pdduarte@ucdavis.edu
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Patricia A. Conrad;
Patricia A. Conrad
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616. pdduarte@ucdavis.edu
* Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-8739
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Bradd C. Barr;
Bradd C. Barr
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616. pdduarte@ucdavis.edu
† California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Central Laboratory, Davis, California 95616
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W. David Wilson;
W. David Wilson
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616. pdduarte@ucdavis.edu
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Gregory L. Ferraro;
Gregory L. Ferraro
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616. pdduarte@ucdavis.edu
‡ Center for Equine Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616
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Andrea E. Packham;
Andrea E. Packham
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616. pdduarte@ucdavis.edu
* Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616-8739
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Tim E. Carpenter;
Tim E. Carpenter
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616. pdduarte@ucdavis.edu
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Ian A. Gardner
Ian A. Gardner
Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616. pdduarte@ucdavis.edu
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J Parasitol (2004) 90 (6): 1345–1351.
Citation
Paulo C. Duarte, Patricia A. Conrad, Bradd C. Barr, W. David Wilson, Gregory L. Ferraro, Andrea E. Packham, Tim E. Carpenter, Ian A. Gardner; RISK OF TRANSPLACENTAL TRANSMISSION OF SARCOCYSTIS NEURONA AND NEOSPORA HUGHESI IN CALIFORNIA HORSES. J Parasitol 1 December 2004; 90 (6): 1345–1351. doi: https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-3372
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