The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of T. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. The prevalence of T. gondii in 50 free-range chickens (Gallus domesticus) from Guatemala was determined. Antibodies to T. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (MAT). Antibodies were found in 37 (74%) chickens with titers of 1:5 (11), 1:10 (7), 1:20 (11), 1:40 (1), 1:80 (1), 1:160 (3), 1:1,280 (2), and 1:2,560 (1). Hearts, pectoral muscles, and brains of 19 chickens with MAT titers of 1:20 or more were bioassayed individually in mice. Tissues from the remaining 31 chickens with titers of 1:10 or lower were pooled and fed to 4 T. gondii–free cats (13 chickens with titers of less than 1:5 to 1 cat, 11 chickens with titers of 1:5 to 2 cats, and 7 chickens with titers of 1:10 to 1 cat). Feces of cats were examined for oocysts; they did not shed oocysts. Toxoplasma gondii was isolated from 8 chickens with MAT titers of 1:20 or more (from 1 of 11 chickens with a titer of 1:20 and all 7 chickens with a titer of 1:80 or more) from the heart, brain, and pectoral muscle (3); heart and pectoral muscle (1); and heart alone (4). Genotyping of these 8 isolates with the SAG2 locus indicated that 5 were type III and 3 were type I. This is the first report of isolation of T. gondii from chickens from Guatemala.
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August 2005
Research Article|
August 01 2005
Isolation, Tissue Distribution, and Molecular Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii From Free-Range Chickens From Guatemala
J. P. Dubey;
J. P. Dubey
aU.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Building 1001, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350
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B. Lopez;
B. Lopez
bCentro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 18 Ave. 11-35 Zona 15 VH III, Guatemala City, Guatemala
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M. Alvarez;
M. Alvarez
bCentro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 18 Ave. 11-35 Zona 15 VH III, Guatemala City, Guatemala
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C. Mendoza;
C. Mendoza
bCentro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 18 Ave. 11-35 Zona 15 VH III, Guatemala City, Guatemala
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T. Lehmann
T. Lehmann
cDivision of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, MS: F22, Chamblee, Georgia 30341. jdubey@anri.barc.usda.gov
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J Parasitol (2005) 91 (4): 955–957.
Citation
J. P. Dubey, B. Lopez, M. Alvarez, C. Mendoza, T. Lehmann; Isolation, Tissue Distribution, and Molecular Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii From Free-Range Chickens From Guatemala. J Parasitol 1 August 2005; 91 (4): 955–957. doi: https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-493R.1
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