The ability of ponazuril to prevent or limit clinical signs of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) after infection with Sarcocystis neurona was evaluated. Eighteen horses were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: no treatment, 2.5 mg/kg ponazuril, or 5.0 mg/kg ponazuril. Horses were administered ponazuril, once per day, beginning 7 days before infection (study day 0) and continuing for 28 days postinfection. On day 0, horses were stressed by transport and challenged with 1 million S. neurona sporocysts per horse. Sequential neurologic examinations were performed, and serum and cerebrospinal fluid were collected and assayed for antibodies to S. neurona. All horses in the control group developed neurologic signs, whereas only 71 and 40% of horses in the 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg ponazuril groups, respectively, developed neurologic abnormalities. This was significant at P = 0.034 by using Fisher exact test. In addition, seroconversion was decreased in the 5.0 mg/kg group compared with the control horses (100 vs. 40%; P = 0.028). Horses with neurologic signs were killed, and a post-mortem examination was performed. Mild-to-moderate, multifocal signs of neuroinflammation were observed. These results confirm that treatment with ponazuril at 5.0 mg/kg minimizes, but does not eliminate, infection and clinical signs of EPM in horses.
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June 2006
THERAPEUTICS-DIAGNOSTICS|
June 01 2006
PROPHYLACTIC ADMINISTRATION OF PONAZURIL REDUCES CLINICAL SIGNS AND DELAYS SEROCONVERSION IN HORSES CHALLENGED WITH SARCOCYSTIS NEURONA
M. Furr;
M. Furr
Marion DuPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 1938, Leesburg, Virginia 20176. [email protected]
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H. McKenzie;
H. McKenzie
Marion DuPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 1938, Leesburg, Virginia 20176. [email protected]
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W. J A. Saville;
W. J A. Saville
Marion DuPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 1938, Leesburg, Virginia 20176. [email protected]
* Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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J. P. Dubey;
J. P. Dubey
Marion DuPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 1938, Leesburg, Virginia 20176. [email protected]
† Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705
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S. M. Reed;
S. M. Reed
Marion DuPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 1938, Leesburg, Virginia 20176. [email protected]
‡ Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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W. Davis
W. Davis
Marion DuPont Scott Equine Medical Center, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 1938, Leesburg, Virginia 20176. [email protected]
§ Bayer Animal Health, Shawnee, Kansas 66201
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J Parasitol (2006) 92 (3): 637–643.
Citation
M. Furr, H. McKenzie, W. J A. Saville, J. P. Dubey, S. M. Reed, W. Davis; PROPHYLACTIC ADMINISTRATION OF PONAZURIL REDUCES CLINICAL SIGNS AND DELAYS SEROCONVERSION IN HORSES CHALLENGED WITH SARCOCYSTIS NEURONA. J Parasitol 1 June 2006; 92 (3): 637–643. doi: https://doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2006)92[637:PAOPRC]2.0.CO;2
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