Parasite life-history characteristics, the environment, and host defenses determine variation in parasite population parameters across space and time. Parasite abundance and distribution have received little attention despite their pervasive effects on host populations and community dynamics. We used analyses of variance to estimate the variability of intensity, prevalence, and abundance of 4 species of lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) infecting Galápagos doves and Galápagos hawks and 1 haemosporidian parasite (Haemosporida: Haemoproteidae) infecting the doves across island populations throughout their entire geographic ranges. Population parameters of parasites with direct life cycles varied less within than among parasite species, and intensity and abundance did not differ significantly across islands. Prevalence explained a proportion of the variance (34%), similar to infection intensity (33%) and parasite abundance (37%). We detected a strong parasite species-by-island interaction, suggesting that parasite population dynamics is independent among islands. Prevalence (up to 100%) and infection intensity (parasitemias up to 12.7%) of Haemoproteus sp. parasites varied little across island populations.
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June 2008
ECOLOGY-EPIDEMIOLOGY-BEHAVIOR|
June 01 2008
Patterns of Parasite Abundance and Distribution in Island Populations of Galápagos Endemic Birds
Diego Santiago-Alarcon;
Diego Santiago-Alarcon
Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis and Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center. One University Boulevard. St. Louis, Missouri 63121. [email protected]
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Noah K. Whiteman;
Noah K. Whiteman
Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis and Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center. One University Boulevard. St. Louis, Missouri 63121. [email protected]
* Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
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Patricia G. Parker;
Patricia G. Parker
Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis and Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center. One University Boulevard. St. Louis, Missouri 63121. [email protected]
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Robert E. Ricklefs;
Robert E. Ricklefs
Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis and Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center. One University Boulevard. St. Louis, Missouri 63121. [email protected]
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Gediminas Valkiūnas
Gediminas Valkiūnas
Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis and Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center. One University Boulevard. St. Louis, Missouri 63121. [email protected]
† Institute of Ecology, Vilnius University. Akademijos 2, Vilnius-21, LT-08412, Lithuania
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J Parasitol (2008) 94 (3): 584–590.
Citation
Diego Santiago-Alarcon, Noah K. Whiteman, Patricia G. Parker, Robert E. Ricklefs, Gediminas Valkiūnas; Patterns of Parasite Abundance and Distribution in Island Populations of Galápagos Endemic Birds. J Parasitol 1 June 2008; 94 (3): 584–590. doi: https://doi.org/10.1645/GE-1351.1
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