Aspects of the migratory life cycle and pathogenesis of Elaphostrongylus cervi were studied in red deer (Cervus elaphus) using 2 farmed calves experimentally infected with 450 third-stage larvae killed 40 and 45 days postinfection and using 3 wild calves and 3 wild yearlings with natural infections killed during autumn hunting. A full necropsy was carried out on the experimental calves, but only the head, eviscerated carcass, and lungs were examined from the naturally infected animals. Histological examination included extensive studies of the central nervous system (CNS), spinal nerve roots, and lungs. The experimental calves had prepatent infections, with many immature adult nematodes in the CNS, whereas the wild calves showed CNS lesions indicating a very recent E. cervi infection. The yearlings had patent infections, with many mature E. cervi in their skeletal muscles, reflecting acquisition of infection during the previous summer. Our findings showed that E. cervi develop to the adult stage in the CNS (subarachnoid spaces) and subsequently migrate into the skeletal muscles, where the mature nematodes live in reproductive pairs and groups. In the nervous system, the nematode caused encephalomyelitis, focal encephalomalacia and gliosis, meningitis, radiculitis, ganglionitis, and perineuritis.
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October 2000
PATHOLOGY|
October 01 2000
ASPECTS OF THE LIFE CYCLE AND PATHOGENESIS OF ELAPHOSTRONGYLUS CERVI IN RED DEER (CERVUS ELAPHUS)
Kjell Handeland;
Kjell Handeland
Section of Wildlife Diseases, National Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 8156 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway
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Lynda M. Gibbons;
Lynda M. Gibbons
Section of Wildlife Diseases, National Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 8156 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway
*Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts AL9 7TA, U.K.
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Arne Skorping
Arne Skorping
Section of Wildlife Diseases, National Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 8156 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway
†Department of Zoology, University of Bergen, Allegt. 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway.
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J Parasitol (2000) 86 (5): 1061–1066.
Citation
Kjell Handeland, Lynda M. Gibbons, Arne Skorping; ASPECTS OF THE LIFE CYCLE AND PATHOGENESIS OF ELAPHOSTRONGYLUS CERVI IN RED DEER (CERVUS ELAPHUS). J Parasitol 1 October 2000; 86 (5): 1061–1066. doi: https://doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2000)086[1061:AOTLCA]2.0.CO;2
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