Paragyrodactylus variegatus n. sp. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) is described from the fins and body surface of Homatula variegata (Dabry de Thiersant, 1874) living in cold-water streams in the Qinling Mountains of central China. It represents the third known species in the genus, with all species parasitizing Asian river loaches (Cypriniformes: Nemacheilidae). The new species resembles most closely Paragyrodactylus iliensis Gvosdev and Martechov, 1953 , but is diagnosed by its marginal hooks being longer than 19 μm, a sickle longer than 4 μm, a sickle aperture shorter than the sickle distal width, and absence of a ventromedial indentation in the haptoral accessory hard part. Scanning electron microscopy reveals a central foramen in the haptoral accessory hard part, and small knob-like protuberances on the heel and toe of the marginal hook sickle. A partial 18S (448 bp) and complete ITS-1, 5.8S, and ITS-2 (1,139 bp) rDNA sequences are provided. A preliminary phylogenetic analysis based on the partial 18S gene, which included all sequenced genera of the Gyrodactylidae, suggests P. variegatus n. sp. is basal within Gyrodactylus sensu lato. It is proposed that the genus is a relict freshwater lineage parasitizing river loaches in the mountain plateaus of central Asia.

Gyrodactylus granoei n. sp. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) is described from the fins and body surface of the spine loach, Cobitis granoei (Rendahl) (Cobitidae), in central China. It resembles a suite of species from cyprinid and cobitid fishes that have short, compact hamuli, a ventral bar with no obvious anterolateral projections, a linguiform posterior membrane, a male copulatory organ with small hooks in multiple rows, a simple cylindrical dorsal bar, and short marginal hooks, with an expanded sickle heel. Of these, the new species resembles most closely Gyrodactylus micracanthus Hukuda, 1940 from Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Cantor) (Cobitidae), but it is identified by the length of the hamuli and the morphology of dorsal and ventral bars. When searched using BLAST, sequence data (829 bp) spanning the ITS1, 5.8s, and ITS2 region did not return an identical match; close similarity (82–88%) was found with sequenced members of the subgenus Gyrodactylus . It is suggested that the new species is part of a freshwater lineage that has radiated successfully among cyprinid fishes in North America, Europe, and Asia, and some of their predator and amphibian neighbors.