During the fall of 2006, in Israel, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) serotype 7 caused an intense and widespread epizootic in domestic cattle that resulted in significant economic losses for the dairy industry. The susceptibility of potential North American vector and ruminant hosts to infection with EHDV-7 is not known but is essential to understanding the potential for establishment of this exotic orbivirus in North America if it were introduced. Our primary objective was to determine whether white-tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileus virginianus) are susceptible to infection with EHDV-7. Six, 8-mo-old WTD were experimentally infected with EHDV-7, and all became infected and exhibited varying degrees of clinical disease. Clinical signs, clinicopathologic abnormalities, and postmortem findings were consistent with previous reports of orbiviral hemorrhagic disease (HD) in this species. Four of six animals died or were euthanized because of the severity of disease, one on postinoculation day (PID) 5 and the remaining WTD on PID 7. All deer had detectable viremia on PID 3, which peaked on PID 5 or 6 and persisted for as long as PID 46 in one animal. Deer surviving the acute phase of the disease seroconverted by PID 10. Based on the 67% mortality rate we observed, this strain of EHDV-7 is virulent in WTD, reaffirming their role as a sentinel species for the detection of endemic and nonendemic EHDV. Further, the observed disease was indistinguishable from previous reports of disease caused by North American EHDV and bluetongue virus serotypes, highlighting the importance of serotype-specific diagnostics during suspected HD outbreaks.
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EXPERIMENTAL DISEASE|
July 01 2012
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF WHITE-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS) TO EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION WITH EPIZOOTIC HEMORRHAGIC DISEASE VIRUS SEROTYPE 7
Mark G. Ruder;
Mark G. Ruder
1 Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
2 Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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Andrew B. Allison;
Andrew B. Allison
1 Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
5 Current address: Baker Institute for Animal Health, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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David E. Stallknecht;
David E. Stallknecht
1 Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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Daniel G. Mead;
Daniel G. Mead
1 Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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Sabrina M. McGraw;
Sabrina M. McGraw
2 Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
6 Current address: Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Deborah L. Carter;
Deborah L. Carter
2 Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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Steven V. Kubiski;
Steven V. Kubiski
1 Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
6 Current address: Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Carrie A. Batten;
Carrie A. Batten
3 Institute for Animal Health, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK
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Eyal Klement;
Eyal Klement
4 Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Elizabeth W. Howerth
Elizabeth W. Howerth
7
2 Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
7 Corresponding author (email: [email protected])
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J Wildl Dis (2012) 48 (3): 676–685.
Article history
Received:
November 14 2011
Accepted:
December 20 2012
Citation
Mark G. Ruder, Andrew B. Allison, David E. Stallknecht, Daniel G. Mead, Sabrina M. McGraw, Deborah L. Carter, Steven V. Kubiski, Carrie A. Batten, Eyal Klement, Elizabeth W. Howerth; SUSCEPTIBILITY OF WHITE-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS) TO EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION WITH EPIZOOTIC HEMORRHAGIC DISEASE VIRUS SEROTYPE 7. J Wildl Dis 1 July 2012; 48 (3): 676–685. doi: https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-48.3.676
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