Field immobilization of captive antelope may be required for medical examination, blood sample collection, and animal identification. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a combination of butorphanol, detomidine, and midazolam (BDM) and its partial reversibility in Nile lechwe antelope (Kobus megaceros). Nine captive lechwes, weighing 28–64 kg, were immobilized, in February 2011, with butorphanol 0.20±0.05 (mean±SD) mg/kg, detomidine 0.20±0.05 mg/kg, and midazolam 0.31±0.08 mg/kg administered intramuscularly (IM) with a blowpipe. Physiologic parameters and depth of anesthesia were recorded when the animals became recumbent at 19.55±8.36 min after darting (T0) and after 10 (T10), 20 (T20), and 30 (T30) min. An arterial blood sample was collected at T20. At the end of the procedures, immobilization was partially reversed with atipamezole 0.25 mg/kg IM. Quality of induction, immobilization, and recovery was scored. The BDM combination induced immobilization and lateral recumbency in 13.44±5.61 min. Median induction score (scored 1 [excellent] to 4 [poor]) was 1 (range 1–2). Heart rate varied 40–104 beats/min, respiratory rate 16–108 breaths/min, and rectal temperature 36.5–40.3 C. Hyperthermia was observed and rapidly treated in three animals that demonstrated insufficient immobilization after darting. Arterial blood gas analyses revealed a mean pH of 7.43±0.07, partial arterial pressure of CO2 of 44.1±6.0 mmHg, partial arterial pressureof O2 of 74.0±13.5 mmHg, and an arterial O2 saturation of 94.77±3.96%. Recovery was smooth and animals were walking in 13.44±7.85 min. Median recovery score (1 = excellent to 4 = poor) was 1 (range 1–2). The BDM was effective in immobilizing captive healthy lechwes with minimal cardiorespiratory changes.
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PHARMACOLOGY|
July 01 2012
EVALUATION OF A BUTORPHANOL, DETOMIDINE, AND MIDAZOLAM COMBINATION FOR IMMOBILIZATION OF CAPTIVE NILE LECHWE ANTELOPES (KOBUS MAGACEROS)
Pietro Laricchiuta;
Pietro Laricchiuta
1 Centro Veterinario Einaudi, Via Colajanni, 23A, 70121, Bari, Italy
2 Naples' Zoo, Via Kennedy, 76 80125, Napoli, Italy
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Valentina De Monte;
Valentina De Monte
3 Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi, Sezione di Chirurgia Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Aldo Moro, 70010, Valenzano (Bari), Italy
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Marco Campolo;
Marco Campolo
1 Centro Veterinario Einaudi, Via Colajanni, 23A, 70121, Bari, Italy
2 Naples' Zoo, Via Kennedy, 76 80125, Napoli, Italy
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Fabio Grano;
Fabio Grano
3 Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi, Sezione di Chirurgia Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Aldo Moro, 70010, Valenzano (Bari), Italy
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Fabrizio Iarussi;
Fabrizio Iarussi
4 Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Sezione di Clinica Medica, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano (Bari), Italy
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Antonio Crovace;
Antonio Crovace
3 Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi, Sezione di Chirurgia Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Aldo Moro, 70010, Valenzano (Bari), Italy
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Francesco Staffieri
Francesco Staffieri
5
3 Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi, Sezione di Chirurgia Veterinaria, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Aldo Moro, 70010, Valenzano (Bari), Italy
5 Corresponding author (email: [email protected])
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J Wildl Dis (2012) 48 (3): 739–746.
Article history
Received:
September 12 2011
Accepted:
March 12 2012
Citation
Pietro Laricchiuta, Valentina De Monte, Marco Campolo, Fabio Grano, Fabrizio Iarussi, Antonio Crovace, Francesco Staffieri; EVALUATION OF A BUTORPHANOL, DETOMIDINE, AND MIDAZOLAM COMBINATION FOR IMMOBILIZATION OF CAPTIVE NILE LECHWE ANTELOPES (KOBUS MAGACEROS). J Wildl Dis 1 July 2012; 48 (3): 739–746. doi: https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-48.3.739
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