SUMMARY
This comparative in vitro study evaluated surface treatment methods for chairside CAD/CAM lithium disilicate enriched with virgilite using atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging. Specimens were fabricated from two lithium disilicate materials: the traditional material (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and a virgilite-containing material (CEREC Tessera, Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC, USA). Surface roughness (Ra) [in micrometers (μm)] was quantitatively assessed with AFM. The results demonstrated that IPS e.max CAD with glazing exhibited the smoothest surface with the lowest Ra values (10.03 ± 5.03 μm). In contrast, CEREC Tessera exhibited the highest surface roughness when treated with glazing (51.98 ± 12.31 μm), while the zirconia polishing system provided a smoother surface (15.44 ± 9.69 μm).