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The digital photographic method is a useful tool for assessing the quality of dental restorations, providing information that goes unnoticed with the visual-tactile clinical examination method.

Resin composites with low levels of polymerization shrinkage strain and stress resulted in better internal adaptation. This effect may be related to the low incidence of complications, such as postoperative hypersensitivity.

The use of a large number of increments caused an increase in cuspal deflection during composite polymerization in large posterior restorations. A balance between adequate bonding with good mechanical properties of the composite and lower cuspal deformation was obtained with 2.0-mm increments.

Using low-shrink composites applied in medium increment sizes of approximately 2 mm provided the best balance compared to bulk or 1-mm increment placements.

Cementation of fiber glass posts with self-adhesive cement (RelyX U100) is more predictable than cementation with resin cement using a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system (RelyX ARC/SBMP) as its bond strength to apical dentin was not influenced by the level of light-curing access.

In Memoriam

Editorial

CLINICAL RESEARCH

At 18 months, the new multimode adhesive, Scotchbond Universal Adhesive, fulfilled the American Dental Association criteria required for full approval. Its clinical behavior is reliable when used in noncarious cervical lesions and may not depend on the bonding strategy.

The use of ascorbic acid during in-office bleaching does not reduce the incidence of bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity.

Based on the results obtained in this study, in which no statistical differences in the degree of whitening with the different gels were found, we would recommend the use of gels at a lower concentration.

LABORATORY RESEARCH

Adhesive dentistry allows for the simple removal of decayed tissue to guide preparation design. Knowledge about differences in stress concentration within cavities can help in understanding the impact of shape and cavosurface angle of the cavity, optimizing the distribution of stress during the cure of the restorative material and improving the expected lifetime of the restoration.

Cross-linking agents used in clinically applicable periods of time are capable of inactivating matrix-bound matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in demineralized dentin. Such treatment may render the hybrid layer less prone to degradation over time and produce long-lasting resin-dentin bonds.

S-PRG filler extraction solution has an ability to protect the surface of enamel from demineralization.

Microabrasion and the presence of cracks in enamel make this substrate more susceptible to penetration of hydrogen peroxide during in-office whitening.

Micro–computed tomography can provide in vitro nondestructive detection of leakage around a composite restoration to display entire three dimensional dentin leakage patterns with accuracy comparable to that of the conventional dye-penetration method.

Root-filled teeth suffer substantial loss of tooth structure from restorative and endodontic procedures. A direct adhesive restoration will help preserve the remaining tooth structure as long as it provides enough strength and marginal integrity.

Zirconia is an esthetic material with mechanical properties similar to steel. However, when subjected to loading in the oral cavity, zirconia exhibits phase transformation that increases the surface roughness. The roughness, however, does not increase opposing enamel loss.

Bleaching with either 10% carbamide peroxide or 35% hydrogen peroxide impairs the formation of the hybrid layer, resin tags, and bond strength. The use of sodium ascorbate following bleaching diminishes this adverse effect in the case of 10% carbamide peroxide but not so when 35% hydrogen peroxide is used as the bleaching agent.

Self-adhesive resin cements present a higher degree of conversion and faster polymerization kinetics when exposed to tooth temperature rather than to room temperature. Clinicians may expect differences in product setting time and some physical properties compared with what manufacturers report.

Diastema closure with direct resin composites should be free of voids and establish proper contact formation. Good results can be achieved with the pull-through technique and the use of prefabricated matrices.

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