The Awash Valley is well known for anthropological studies. Several fossil-rich sites representing all stages of hominid evolution, including the one that yielded "Lucy," have attracted worldwide attention since the 1970s. Also, the anubis-hamadryas baboon hybrid zone in Awash National Park has been the focus of primatologists since the 1960s. What we know less about are the various indigenous pastoral populations that live in the very places where the hominid fossils and baboons have been studied and where shrinking resources are undermining their traditional livelihoods. In this paper, I focus on attempts to create a collaborative natural resource management system for the park and surrounding areas and highlight barriers uncovered along the way.

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