Cesium-137 is a radionuclide of concern in fallout from reactor accidents or nuclear detonations. When ingested or inhaled, it can expose the entire body for an extended period of time, potentially contributing to serious health consequences ranging from acute radiation syndrome to increased cancer risks. To identify changes in gene expression that may be informative for detecting such exposure, and to begin examining the molecular responses involved, we have profiled global gene expression in blood of male C57BL/6 mice injected with 137CsCl. We extracted RNA from the blood of control or 137CsCl-injected mice at 2, 3, 5, 20 or 30 days after exposure. Gene expression was measured using Agilent Whole Mouse Genome Microarrays, and the data was analyzed using BRB-ArrayTools. Between 466–6,213 genes were differentially expressed, depending on the time after 137Cs administration. At early times (2–3 days), the majority of responsive genes were expressed above control levels, while at later times (20–30 days) most responding genes were expressed below control levels. Numerous genes were overexpressed by day 2 or 3, and then underexpressed by day 20 or 30, including many Tp53-regulated genes. The same pattern was seen among significantly enriched gene ontology categories, including those related to nucleotide binding, protein localization and modification, actin and the cytoskeleton, and in the integrin signaling canonical pathway. We compared the expression of several genes three days after 137CsCl injection and three days after an acute external gamma-ray exposure, and found that the internal exposure appeared to produce a more sustained response. Many common radiation-responsive genes are altered by internally administered 137Cs, but the gene expression pattern resulting from continued irradiation at a decreasing dose rate is extremely complex, and appears to involve a late reversal of much of the initial response.
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1 October 2014
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August 27 2014
Gene Expression Response of Mice after a Single Dose of 137Cs as an Internal Emitter
Sunirmal Paul;
Sunirmal Paul
a Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
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Shanaz A. Ghandhi;
Shanaz A. Ghandhi
a Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
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Waylon Weber;
Waylon Weber
b Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108
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Melanie Doyle-Eisele;
Melanie Doyle-Eisele
b Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108
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Dunstana Melo;
Dunstana Melo
b Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108
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Raymond Guilmette;
Raymond Guilmette
b Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108
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Sally A. Amundson
Sally A. Amundson
1
a Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
1 Address for correspondence: Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W. 168th St. VC11-215, New York, NY 10032; e-mail: saa2108@columbia.edu.
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Radiat Res (2014) 182 (4): 380–389.
Citation
Sunirmal Paul, Shanaz A. Ghandhi, Waylon Weber, Melanie Doyle-Eisele, Dunstana Melo, Raymond Guilmette, Sally A. Amundson; Gene Expression Response of Mice after a Single Dose of 137Cs as an Internal Emitter. Radiat Res 1 October 2014; 182 (4): 380–389. doi: https://doi.org/10.1667/RR13466.1
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