Prostate cancer patients undergoing localized external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) can experience a progressive increase in fatigue, which can affect physical functioning and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to develop a mouse EBRT prostate cancer treatment model with which to determine the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the genesis of EBRT-related fatigue. We assessed voluntary wheel-running activity (VWRA) as a proxy for fatigue, food intake and body weight in male C57BL/6 mice undergoing EBRT to the pelvis. In the first experiment, anesthetized male C57BL/6 mice underwent fractionated EBRT to the pelvis for a total dose of 68.2 Gy, thereby mimicking a clinically relevant therapeutic dose and frequency. The day after the last treatment, levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in plasma along with mRNA levels in liver, colon and whole brain were measured. EBRT-induced fatigue resulted in reduced body weight, diminished food intake, and increased plasma and tissue levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. In a follow-up experiment, we used TNF-α-deficient mice to further delineate the role of TNF-α signaling in EBRT-induced sickness behavior. EBRT-induced changes in fatigue, food intake and body weight were no different between TNF-α deficient mice and their wild-type counterparts. Taken together our data demonstrate that a clinically relevant localized irradiation of the pelvis induces a systemic IL-1β and TNF-α response and sickness behavior in mice, but the TNF-α signaling pathway alone does not independently mediate these effects.
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1 January 2016
Research Article|
December 31 2015
Localized External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) to the Pelvis Induces Systemic IL-1Beta and TNF-Alpha Production: Role of the TNF-Alpha Signaling in EBRT-Induced Fatigue
Tasha L. McDonald
;
Tasha L. McDonald
a Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; and
1 Current address: Salem Hospital Radiation Oncology, Salem Cancer Institute, Salem, OR.
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Arthur Y. Hung
;
Arthur Y. Hung
a Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; and
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Charles R. Thomas
;
Charles R. Thomas
a Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; and
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Lisa J. Wood
Lisa J. Wood
2
b Amelia Peabody Professor for Nursing Research, MGH Institute of Health Professions, School of Nursing, Boston, Massachusetts
2 Address for correspondence: MGH Institute of Health Professions, School of Nursing, 36 1st Avenue, Charlestown Navy Yard, Boston, MA, 20219; email: ljwood@mghihp.edu.
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Radiat Res (2016) 185 (1): 4–12.
Article history
Received:
March 03 2015
Accepted:
October 09 2015
Citation
Tasha L. McDonald, Arthur Y. Hung, Charles R. Thomas, Lisa J. Wood; Localized External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) to the Pelvis Induces Systemic IL-1Beta and TNF-Alpha Production: Role of the TNF-Alpha Signaling in EBRT-Induced Fatigue. Radiat Res 1 January 2016; 185 (1): 4–12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1667/RR14072.1
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