Understanding the dose-toxicity profile of radiation is critical when evaluating potential health risks associated with natural and man-made sources in our environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-dose whole-body high-energy charged (HZE) iron (Fe) ions and low-energy gamma exposure on proliferation and differentiation of adult-born neurons within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, cells deemed to play a critical role in memory regulation. To determine the dose-response characteristics of the brain to whole-body Fe-ion vs. gamma-radiation exposure, C57BL/6J mice were irradiated with 1 GeV/n Fe ions or a static 137Cs source (0.662 MeV) at doses ranging from 0 to 300 cGy. The neurogenesis was analyzed at 48 h and one month postirradiation. These experiments revealed that whole-body exposure to either Fe ions or gamma radiation leads to: 1. An acute decrease in cell division within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, detected at doses as low as 30 and 100 cGy for Fe ions and gamma radiation, respectively; and 2. A reduction in newly differentiated neurons (DCX immunoreactivity) at one month postirradiation, with significant decreases detected at doses as low as 100 cGy for both Fe ions and gamma rays. The data presented here contribute to our understanding of brain responses to whole-body Fe ions and gamma rays and may help inform health-risk evaluations related to systemic exposure during a medical or radiologic/nuclear event or as a result of prolonged space travel.
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1 December 2016
Research Article|
December 01 2016
Neurogenic Effects of Low-Dose Whole-Body HZE (Fe) Ion and Gamma Irradiation
Tara B. Sweet
;
Tara B. Sweet
aDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
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Sean D. Hurley
;
Sean D. Hurley
aDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
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Michael D. Wu
;
Michael D. Wu
aDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
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John A. Olschowka
;
John A. Olschowka
aDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
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Jacqueline P. Williams
;
Jacqueline P. Williams
bDepartment of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
cDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
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M. Kerry O'Banion
M. Kerry O'Banion
1
aDepartment of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
dNeurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
1Address for correspondence: University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Neuroscience, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 603, Rochester, NY 14642; email: Kerry_OBanion@urmc.rochester.edu.
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Radiat Res (2016) 186 (6): 614–623.
Citation
Tara B. Sweet, Sean D. Hurley, Michael D. Wu, John A. Olschowka, Jacqueline P. Williams, M. Kerry O'Banion; Neurogenic Effects of Low-Dose Whole-Body HZE (Fe) Ion and Gamma Irradiation. Radiat Res 1 December 2016; 186 (6): 614–623. doi: https://doi.org/10.1667/RR14530.1
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