Radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn), and especially their short-lived decay products, are major contributors to dose received by the public from naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM), particularly in areas with elevated levels of naturally occurring radionuclides. Mining in such areas can involve ventilation of high amounts of these gases, which may influence outdoor levels. In this work, we assessed indoor and outdoor levels of 222Rn, 220Rn and 220Rn decay products (TnDP) in close proximity to an area with elevated bedrock levels of thorium (232Th) and a NORM legacy mining site with high natural ventilation. We assess municipal buildings at distances from a few hundred meters to 2 km from the NORM legacy mines. In some buildings, high indoor levels of 222Rn were observed in winter, as expected for temperate areas. In summer, high indoor levels of 222Rn and 220Rn were observed in some buildings, and very low associated levels of TnDP in actively ventilated buildings may suggest entry by ventilation and an outdoor source. Outdoor levels of TnDP increased with decreased distance from the legacy mines, suggesting dispersal from these during both summer and winter.
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1 October 2019
Research Article|
October 01 2019
Indoor and Outdoor Exposure to Radon, Thoron and Thoron Decay Products in a NORM Area with Highly Elevated Bedrock Thorium and Legacy Mines
Hallvard Haanes
;
Hallvard Haanes
1
a Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, 0213 Skøyen, Norway
b Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), NO-1432 Ås, Norway
1 Address for correspondence: Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, P.O. Box 329, 0213 Skøyen, Norway; email: Hallvard.Haanes@dsa.no.
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Ingvild Engen Finne
;
Ingvild Engen Finne
a Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, 0213 Skøyen, Norway
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Hilde Kristin Skjerdal
;
Hilde Kristin Skjerdal
a Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, 0213 Skøyen, Norway
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Anne Liv Rudjord
Anne Liv Rudjord
a Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, 0213 Skøyen, Norway
b Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), NO-1432 Ås, Norway
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Radiat Res (2019) 192 (4): 431–439.
Article history
Received:
April 05 2019
Accepted:
June 26 2019
Citation
Hallvard Haanes, Ingvild Engen Finne, Hilde Kristin Skjerdal, Anne Liv Rudjord; Indoor and Outdoor Exposure to Radon, Thoron and Thoron Decay Products in a NORM Area with Highly Elevated Bedrock Thorium and Legacy Mines. Radiat Res 1 October 2019; 192 (4): 431–439. doi: https://doi.org/10.1667/RR15403.1
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