We report the generation of dose point kernels for clinically-relevant radionuclide beta decays and monoenergetic electrons in various tissues to understand the impact of tissue type on dose point kernels. Currently available voxel-wise dosimetry approaches using dose point kernels ignore tissue composition and density heterogeneities. Therefore, the study on the impact of tissue type on dose point kernels is warranted. Simulations were performed using the GATE Monte Carlo toolkit, which encapsulates GEANT4 libraries. Dose point kernels were simulated in phantoms of water, compact bone, lung, adipose tissue, blood and red marrow for radionuclides 90Y, 188Re, 32P, 89Sr, 186Re, 153Sm and 177Lu and monoenergetic electrons (0.015–10 MeV). All simulations were performed by assuming an isotropic point source of electrons at the center of a homogeneous spherical phantom. Tissue-specific differences between kernels were investigated by normalizing kernels for effective pathlength. Transport of 20 million particles was found to provide sufficient statistical precision in all simulated kernels. The simulated dose point kernels demonstrate excellent agreement with other Monte Carlo packages. Deviation from kernels reported in the literature did not exceed a 10% global difference, which is consistent with the variability among published results. There are no significant differences between the dose point kernel in water and kernels in other tissues that have been scaled to account for density; however, tissue density predictably demonstrated itself to be a significant variable in dose point kernel distribution.
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June 2020
Research Article|
April 21 2020
The Impact of Tissue Type and Density on Dose Point Kernels for Patient-Specific Voxel-Wise Dosimetry: A Monte Carlo Investigation
Ashok Tiwari;
Ashok Tiwari
a Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
b Department of Physics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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Stephen A. Gravesa;
Stephen A. Gravesa
a Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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John Sunderland
John Sunderland
1
a Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
b Department of Physics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
1 Address for correspondence: PET Center, Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242; email: john-sunderland@uiowa.edu.
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Radiat Res (2020) 193 (6): 531–542.
Article history
Received:
November 11 2019
Accepted:
March 11 2020
Citation
Ashok Tiwari, Stephen A. Gravesa, John Sunderland; The Impact of Tissue Type and Density on Dose Point Kernels for Patient-Specific Voxel-Wise Dosimetry: A Monte Carlo Investigation. Radiat Res 1 June 2020; 193 (6): 531–542. doi: https://doi.org/10.1667/RR15563.1
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