Measurements have been made of the absolute yield of the positron emitters <tex-math>${}^{11}{\rm C}$</tex-math> and13 N produced by 76-MeV negative pions stopped in thick "stacked-foil" targets of C (as graphite), N (as boron nitride), O (as water), and a tissue-equivalent mixture. The depth distribution of radioactivity exhibits a distinct peak in the water, boron nitride, and tissue-equivalent targets which correlates well with the position and width of the pion stopping distribution and with the high-LET component of dose. There are 0.0186 <tex-math>${}^{11}{\rm C}$</tex-math> nuclei and 0.008513 N nuclei produced per pion stopped in water, and 0.0484 <tex-math>${}^{11}{\rm C}$</tex-math> nuclei produced per pion stopped in nitrogen. These yields are compared to predictions of an intranuclear cascade calculation. The yields of <tex-math>${}^{11}{\rm C}$</tex-math> and13 N in the stopping region from secondary particle-induced reactions are low, and do not significantly limit the ability to localize the pion star region. The activities measured for the tissue-equivalent target agree with the predictions based on the measurements for carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen targets and are similar to the yields for water. The utilization of a positron camera to image the radioactivity distribution in the pion stopping region is discussed.
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1 October 1979
Research Article|
October 01 1979
In Vivo Beam Localization by Positron Activation in Pion Therapy
Radiat Res (1979) 80 (1): 10–23.
Citation
L. F. Mausner, M. A. Moinester, J. D. Knight, S. Cochavi, S. S. Friedland; In Vivo Beam Localization by Positron Activation in Pion Therapy. Radiat Res 1 October 1979; 80 (1): 10–23. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3575112
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