Raptors are common hosts of ectoparasites such as bedbugs, mites, and blood-sucking flies (Bequaert 1955, Hansell 2000, Gonzales-Acuña et al. 2008). Nestlings are particularly susceptible to parasitism in the nest (Smith 1996, de Oliveira et al. 2011). Infestation of nests by bloodsucking parasites can cause nest abandonment, poor body condition, and death, as has been reported for Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) and Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) nests infested by black flies (Diptera; genera Helodon and Simulium; Smith 1996, Hunter et al. 1997), and Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) nests infested by Mexican chicken bug (Haematosiphon inodorus; Grubb et al. 1986). Mexican chicken bugs are hematophagous and can cause damage to their hosts (Usinger 1966, Reinhardt and Siva-Jothy 2007). These bugs have been reported in California Condors (Gymnogyps...

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