ABSTRACT
We introduce an innovative approach for predicting optimal vulcanization times in SBR-based rubber products to eliminate internal defects like blow holes and achieve a uniform structure. Unlike conventional rheological methods, which may overlook factors like product shape and thermal conductivity, our method visualizes the vulcanization process within a wedge-shaped sample to identify the equivalent vulcanization time [teq at blow point (BP)] required to prevent defects. Findings show that higher accelerator-to-sulfur (A/S) ratios and total content (A+S) accelerate vulcanization and reduce blow-related issues, with unique behavior in semiefficient vulcanization (s-EV, A/S ratio ∼ 1.1). The teq at BP emerges as a key indicator of vulcanization uniformity, potentially enhancing quality control beyond rheometer data alone. The blow-hole prevention area appears material dependent, indicating further study is needed to refine rubber formulations and vulcanization strategies. This approach complements traditional methods, offering enhanced precision in optimizing vulcanization for complex rubber products.