A chronological account of the development of Australian zoology was begun in the author’s Early History of Australian Zoology (R.Z.S.N.S.W., 1970) which covered the period from the earliest times to those of Captain Cook’s voyages. The present sequel continues this account for the half-century from about 1780 to the early 1830s and is the substance of the 1974 Presidential Address to the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales which was delivered under the title, “Naturalists of the First Fleet—Naturalists of Napoleon”.