The aim of this chapter is to encourage an historical view in considering the conservation of Australia’s forest fauna. The settings and opportunities for fauna in today’s forests are closely related to the cutting practices and management regimes of the past. To provide a context for such an enquiry, three main timber production eras and some of their landscape impacts are outlined. Environmental history is a neglected field of scholarly interest in Australia. Detailed exploration of the relationship between today’s forest fauna and past forest management, especially at the regional level, would help redress that neglect It is also evident that more attention needs to be given to preserving forest records and making them accessible than has been the case in the past.