The goal of wildlife management is the maintenance of species richness and diversity. This chapter argues that managing habitats for a small group of sensitive species will be the most successful approach to wildlife management in the short term. In the forests of southeastern New South Wales, the two largest species of gliding possums, the Greater Glider and the Yellow-bellied Glider, and their two major predators, the Powerful Owl and the Sooty Owl, meet the criteria for target species requiring management emphasis. These species may indicate the likely effects on animal communities of a general reduction in the extent of old-growth forest. Species targeted for management emphasis should change with each management practice, and as the requirements for high priority species are met Disputes about the adequacy of biological data to make land-use decisions should centre on whether the correct target species have been chosen and adequately studied as opposed to whether a complete species list has been obtained.