Field observations were carried out on marked populations of Pseudophryne coriacea and P. bibronii on the New South Wales central coast between 1984 and 1990. Comparative data were collected on allopatric and sympatric breeding populations. Differences in body mass, male calling seasons and survivorship of adults were related to habitat differences. Both toadlet species fed exclusively on leaf litter invertebrates and had overlapping diets. The availability of food items varied between sites, but the toadlets were not selectively different in the prey items eaten. Males of both species could be heard calling during most months of the year except for mid-winter. Breeding seasons were also long and variable, with P. coriacea breeding mainly in November and December; P. bibronii was found to breed slightly later, mainly in the summer months. Observations were made on movement patterns and on egg attendance by male toadlets and the pattern s of egg-laying by females.