No evidence for the continued existence of bats was determined during two surveys of Norfolk Island. A pilot survey for bats was undertaken on Norfolk Island in 1986 using harp trap and mist net capture techniques. A subsequent survey in 2003 was undertaken using echolocation call detection equipment. Accounts by island residents indicate that bats were present in reasonable numbers following the 2^nd World War but numbers declined dramatically from the early 1960s. Eight former bat roosts were described by island residents. Five of the roosts occurred in hollow-bearing Norfolk Island Pines Araucaria heterophylla, two in houses and one in a large vine. Sightings of bats within the last decade suggest that bats may still persist in low numbers and further survey is warranted. Predation by rats and a gradual decrease in the number of secure roosts through tree removal are considered the most likely causes of decline, although the widespread use of herbicides could also be a factor. Provision of artificial roost boxes may assist in providing secure roosts for any remaining individuals persisting.