... that the major factor which determines the rate at which flying-fox populations increase or decline is mortality, and that an additional annual mortality of 10%, “imposed” (for example by “culling”) upon the animals' “natural” mortality, could lead the entire Grey-headed Flying-fox population into decline...

... due to insufficient resources, the nature of the activity and constraints on enforcement activities. I offer the following options for managing crop damage by Grey-headed Flying-foxes now that they are listed as threatened. Option A: prohibit culling of flying-foxes on crops. This is the most...

... on the licences it issues to cull flying-foxes in orchards. The licences covered a wide range of crops, and the area of crops covered under individual licences ranged from 0.5 hectares to 53 hectares. The total licensed kill for a two-month period in 1998 was 255 Little Red Flying-foxes and 1330 Grey-headed...