... physiological and psychological pain and is likely to impede the animals' normal anatomical, physiological and psychological development, and to compromise their survival in the wild. The role and value of flying fox carer groups are discussed. Foster-care Development Barnard, S. M., 1995...

... is the ability to think and reason and the later involves the ability to experience pleasure or pain and positive of negative emotions in the present (Block 1995). Several criteria have been proposed as evidence for access consciousness including the ability to communicate semantic information, to form...

... matters is not whether the organisms are sentient and feel pleasure or pain, but whether their biological goals can be specified in a scientifically credible way to be plausible analogues for the preferences or desires of Homo sapiens and other mammals. The harm of death When philosophers examine the harm...

... that the next generation does not live through the pain of failed wild dog/ dingo conservation, control and management? How do we protect the objectives and wellbeing of all involved? Who is controlling dog control? I live in a farming community, part of the Monaro in south-eastern New South Wales. It s...

... questions, namely can insects feel pain? The science remains uncertain on this. Insects are known to possess nociceptors, which are the sensory systems that respond to noxious stimuli and mediate protective reflexes. However, nociception is not analogous with feeling pain (Ellwood 2011). Given their size...

... instantaneous death or for the animal to be rendered insensible until death ensues, without pain, suffering or distress (RSPCA Australia 2009). Here we examine whether this aim could be achieved using captive bolt devices and the animal, operational and equipment factors that may influence animal welfare...

... to analyse the fossil from each slice of time to refine the palaeontological story, building upon the many years of detailed excavations and pain-staking research at the site by Lyndall Dawson and colleagues. Part 2. Australian Fauna: The Search For Origins. This part of the story starts in the early 1950 s...

..., Fertility and Development 9: 51-60. Modelling immunocontraception in disseminating systems Reproduction, Fertility and Development 9 51 60 Barnett, J. and Jongman, E.C. 1996. Techniques for the assessment of humaneness and measuring pain and stress in animals. Pp. 22-26 in Humaneness...

... animal shot and promptly alleviate the suffering of any injured flying-fox by gunshot to either the head or thorax of the animal (Department of Environment and Climate Change (NSW) 2007). This provision, to prevent any unnecessary pain or suffering to the animals, is mandated directly by the Prevention...

... on pikas (Ochotoma spp which are known to degrade forests and grasslands at high densities (Ma 2015). Pikas also perform useful ecological functions of seed dispersal and increasing plant diversity at low densities (Paine and Beck 2007), so to maintain ecosystem functions, top-order carnivores...

... 1991. This debate has continued to generate both political and legal commentary. Among the most interesting is that of the Hon. Justice Nicola Pain, Judge of the Land and Environment Court of NSW, and Sarah Wright NELA (NSW) Committee Member. In their paper presented to the National Environmental Law...

... to, from their so often seeking these animals for food, to be able to state their habits correctly,) as to the animal laying eggs and hatching them, induced me to take some pains to find out the cause of the error I determined, however, not to question any who had been repeatedly questioned before...

... may produce 1100 seeds in a year. The spiny seeds injure animals, are extremely painful when encountered by humans in bare feet, and can puncture bicycle tyres. Currently it is a significant agricultural weed, and in Western Australia, affects over one million hectares of crops and one million...

.... Bringing back a few species through painful and fraught procedures that arguably have a very low chance of success in the long term, whilst at the same time continuing to carry on the widespread destruction of living systems on this planet, is both monumental folly and cruelty. In an important sense, we...

... features of decompression sickness. 1. The bendsn - pain in joints, muscles and bones 2. Neurological effects - Spinal cord ) paralysis Brain ) dizziness, deafness, loss of vision, loss of consciousness 3. The "chokes" -chest pain, shortness of breath, dry cough Does Decompression Sickness Occur...

... ($45) ." Leys commented: " Everytlung about Sydney in one souvenir: passion, pain, longing, fur, self-deprecating humour." This koala seemed to have been a feral specimen, but since it was on display in Sydney's major metropolitan newspaper it is included here in this Olympic fauna survey. The koala...

..., J.B.C., Marquis, R.J., Oksanen, L., Oksanen, T., Paine, R.T., Pikitch, E.K., Ripple, W.J., Sandin, S.A., Scheffer, M., Schoener, T.W., Shurin, J.B., Sinclair, A.R.E., Soulé, M.E., Virtanen, R. and Wardle, D.A. 2011. Trophic downgrading of Planet Earth. Science 333:301-306. http dx.doi.org/10.1126...

... Edition: The Value of Protected Areas for Fauna Conservation Runge & Tulloch 290 2017 Hole, D. G., B. Huntley, J. Arinaitwe, S. H. M. Butchart, Y. C. Collingham, L. D. C. Fishpool, D. J. Pain, and S. G. Willis. 2011. Toward a management framework for networks of protected areas in the face of climate...