.... For aquatic-breeding frogs, pond physical/chemical properties influence all life-stages and therefore populations, species, and communities. However, studies have focussed on tadpoles, considered few water variables, and not considered relationships between water attributes and frog populations or communities...

.... Aust Mus. 8(3): 449-90. A generic classification of the rainbowfishes (Family Melanotaeniidae) Rec. West. Aust Mus. 8 449 90 ARMSTRONG, P. B. and CHILD, J. S. (1965). Stages in the normal development of Fundulus heteroclitus. Bid. Bull., 128: 143-68. Stages in the normal development...

... and the human residents. In Australia, most greening strategies designed for large urban centres only consider invasive species as a secondary nuisance that can be managed a posteriori . Established pest populations are very difficult and costly to control unless the effort is invested at the early stage...

... is essential for identifying and conserving imperilled populations, however, the impacts of many current threats may render populations endangered well before declines become apparent. By that stage, population recovery may not be possible, thus assessing population level impacts of potential threats may...

..., spherical, average 1.02 ± 0.004 (± S.E.) mm in diameter, have a smooth, slightly adhesive chorion without filaments, a translucent homogeneous yolk, display meroblastic cell division and follow the general pattern of teleost embryogenesis. Early, middle and late stages of embryonic development were...

...%) and a seminiferous epithelial cell cycle (8 stages identified) with a predominance of pre-meiotic stages (61.4 %) and Sertoli cells with unusually large nuclei. A GnRH stimulation test conducted on four different intact sexually mature Bilbies using 2pg Buserelin resulted in maximal plasma androgen secretion 30...

... at first, but coalesced to a single oil globule halfway to hatching. Eggs hatched in 4d 20h to 8d 8h after fertilisation at temperatures of 15.9 to 22.6°C. The total length of larvae at hatching was 3.15 to 4.32 mm and eyes were fully pigmented. The prolarval stage terminated at about 3d 12h after hatching...

.... Surprisingly, immature stages of the estuarine mosquito, Aedes vigilax , were observed in the freshwater wetlands in exceptional abundances during this period. Adjacent to these freshwater wetlands there are extensive saltmarsh and mangrove habitats where highly abundant populations of Ae. vigilax are common...

... such as dispersal may cause the loss of certain demographic stages if compensatory immigration no longer occurs. Social interactions that facilitate mate pairing can become rare, reducing the likelihood of successful breeding pairs establishing. Against a backdrop of habitat loss and degradation, these factors may...

...), or occasionally directly onto bedrock (Ovipositional Process 2B). These observations of ovipositing and egg masses show that there are three reproductive modes in the genus: mode 2 - eggs and exotrophic tadpoles in lotic water ( M. fleayi ), mode 4 - eggs and early larval stages in constructed basins, exotrophic...

... burrow in concrete channels to complete important lifecycle stages, warrants further investigation. Evidence is also provided that A. transversa coexists in natural waters with another freshwater crab species, the varunid, ( Varuna litterata ). The importance of management strategies for both species...

... 5.7mm to 8.1mm. The pro-larval stage terminated at around 5days after hatching. Water temperatures varied between 13.8 and 20.0oC during development. The largest adults collected were 15.0cm and weighed 22.5gm. Marked colour differences between the sexes were not obvious, but sex could be determined...

... by 2.03 - 3.78mm, and were attached in a cluster to solid objects. Their oil globules were small and numerous. The eggs hatched 3 – 8d after fertilisation, at temperatures of 20.2 - 29.0oC. The length of larvae at hatching varied from 3.44 - 4.15mm. The prolarval stage terminated approximately 61?2d after...

...Robert Mesibov; Tracey Churchill The millipede by-catch from a 1986-88 spider survey in Tasmanian coastal heathland was tallied by species, sex and life-stage. Two species of paradoxosomatid Polydesmida, Notodesmus scotius Chamberlin, 1920 and Pogonosternum sp., made up 99.8% of the pitfall...

..., on average, more females and more brood per colony. There was no difference in the number of females per trap nest between areas at different stages of pyrrhic succession, although there was some difference in the proportion of trap nests colonized. The greatest proportion of trap nests colonized were...

... = 0.001), with 46% of L. aurea surviving vs 76% each of L. dentata and L. peronii. The lack of a coherent trend in hatching success suggests that UV-B irradiance is not affecting survival in the egg to tadpole stage of L. aurea . Are Litoria aurea eggs more sensitive to ultraviolet-B radiation than...

.... The history of Koalas on Barrenjoey Peninsula illustrates how a carefully planned and managed reserve system is crucial for Koala conservation in urban areas. This must be established in the early stages of regional development The deficiencies of the reserve system on Barrenjoey Peninsula pose enormous...

... of the neonate's head, it is not unusual for the birth-process to be interrupted by a resting period of a few minutes to several hours. The final stages of birth are then completed relatively rapidly and usually without the need for intervention. Factors underlying this pause in parturition are discussed...