The relative abundance of certain circulating miRNA isolated at day 15 post-WTLI was associated with reduced survival. For a given miRNA, NHPs were divided into two cohorts based on expression above (blue) or below (orange) the median abundance. For the indicated miRNA, the difference in survival between these two cohorts was statistically significant (log rank test P < 0.05), suggesting a role for these miRNAs as potential biomarkers for early identification of late organ injury following exposure to ionizing radiation.