Comparative immuno-staining for mini-beam radiation treatment (MBRT) on the top row vs. standard radiation treatment (SRT) on the bottom row. Panel a with immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for plasma cells using the CD138 antibody clearly shows positive staining for infiltrating plasma cells. The corresponding standard radiation treatment image, panel d, shows almost no staining for plasma cells. Similarly in panels b and e, T lymphocytes using CD3 antibody clearly shows positive staining for infiltrating T lymphocytes in dogs treated with MBRT, while almost none is seen when standard radiation treatment is used. Last, panels c and f with IHC staining for CD4 lymphocytes once again shows infiltrating CD 4 lymphocytes in dogs treated with MBRT with almost no staining in control dogs.