Figures 3–4. Figure 3. The mandibular ridge height associated with periodontal defects treated with nanometerm-hydroxyapatite (HA)-augmented poly(propylene glycol-co-fumaric acid) (PPF) was higher than other treatments at 4 weeks. The ridge heights for all filled defects were approximately equivalent at 7 and 12 weeks. Figure 4. The maxillary ridge heights were approximately equivalent at 4 and 7 weeks postoperative. The ridge height associated with the micrometer-HA-augmented PPF fill material decreased between weeks 7 and 12. The ridge heights for defects treated with the demineralized freeze-dried human bone allograft and nanometer-HA-augmented PPF materials increased between weeks 7 and 12