Periapical radiographs for each group at day of implant placement and at 4 weeks. These were used to measure the estimated contact ratio at 4 time points: 0, 7, 14, and 28 days. Significant bone loss was observed around the implant threads on the ovariectomized group at 4 weeks. Note: these X rays were enhanced for presentation purposes only; original S rays were used for the measurements.